Achene
A seed attached to an ovary wall at one point, with a single small, dry, indehiscent fruit. One example would be the sunflower.

Calyx
The outside edge of a whorl, a term used for all the sepals of a flower.

Capsule
A dehiscent fruit having more than one carpel.

Catkins
A dense spike or an ament, unisexual flowers.

Cauline
Growing on a stem above ground level such as leaves arising from the stem.

Chasmogamous
Flowers that open before fetilization and that are cross-pollinated.

Claw
A narrow base found in some petals and sepals.

Cleistogamous
Flowers that are self-fertilizing without opening.

Cluster
A group or close arrangement of flowers, usually is not dense or continous.

Compound
Having two or more like parts in a single organ.

Conelike
Having or resembling a cone or a group of cones.

Cordate
Heart shaped, and having a notch at the base.

Corolla
All the petals of a flower.

Corymbiform
An inflorescence with the general appearance of a true corymb.

Culm
A hollow, pithy stalk or stem, found in grasses, sedges, and rushes.

Cylindric
Shaped like a cylinder, and round and elongate in a cross section.

Decompound
Compound more than once.

Deltoid
In the shape of an equilateral triangle.

Dioecious
Staminate and pisillate flowers on different plants, imperfect flowers.

Dissected
Divided into many narrow parts or segments.

Drupe
A fleshy fruit, surrounding a single seed, such as a peach or cherry.

Elliptic
Shaped like a narrow oval with symmetrical ends.

Elliptic
A narrow oval in shape, being roundest in the middle and tapered at the ends.

Ensiform
Shaped like a sword with the tip at the top of the leaf and the broader end at the base of the leaf.

Entire
Having no toothed, notched or divided leaves; a continous leaf margin.

Erect
Growing or standing vertically.

Fertile
Capable of bearing seeds or pollen.

Filaments
Thread-like structures.

Filiform
Filaments that are threadlike.

Follicle
A dry, dehiscent fruit, made up of one carpel, and opening along one side, such as a milkweed pod.

Fruit
A ripened ovary. Also refers to any attached structures that ripen with the ovary.

Funnelform
Funnel-shaped, slowly widening from base to apex.

Gameotophyte
The reduced and small portion in the life cycle of vascular plants, the gamete producing time of the plant reproductive cycle.

Glands
A structure that secretes an oily or sticky substance.

Glandular
Having glands.

Grain
A seedlike structure,a caryopsis.

Grass-like
Like a grass.

Husk
An outer covering found on some fruits.

Indehiscent
At maturity, a failure to open along definite lines or pores.

Inflorescence of Panicles
Clusters of flowers that mature from the base of the plant upwards.

Irregular
Can be said of a flower when all parts are not the same size or arrangement on the receptacle.

Keel
A longitudinal ridge, such as the keel of a boat, the united, lower petals of a papillonaeous flower.

Lanceolate
Shaped like a lance or tear drop. The leaf is much longer than it is wide with the narrowest point towards the top and the widest point located below the middle.

Lateral
To the side, like leaves or flowers that grow on only one side of a plant.

Leaflet
A leaf that is divided into smaller leaves (but is still one leaf) in which the leaflets are opposite of each other.

Ligule
An appendage that arises from the inside surface of the leaf sheath in grasses and some sedges.

Linear
Long and narrow with almost parallel sides.

Lobed
Bearing lobes, which are the rounded divisions as on a leaf, that are cut less than half way to the base or center of the leaf.

Node
Place on the stem where a leaf or branch originates.

Nutlet
One of the parts of the mature ovary of certain members of the Borginaceae, Verbenaceae, and Labiatae; a small nut.

Oblanceolate
Shaped like a tear drop or a lance with the attachment at the narrow end of the leaf.

Oblong
The leaf is two to four times longer than it is wide with nearly parallel sides.

Obovate
Shaped like an egg with the attachment of the leaf to the plant at the narrow end.

Odd-pinnate
Pinnately compound with a terminal leaflet.

Opposite
Leaves that are borne across from one another at the same node.

Ovary
The portion of a pistil that contains ovules.

Ovate
Shaped like an egg and attached to the plant at the broad end of the leaf.

Palmate
A leaf that is lobed or divided but not completely.

Panicl
e A branced inflorescence, having racemes and maturing from the bottom upwards.

Perennial
A plant that lives for three or more years.

Petal
A single segment or member of the corolla, and is usually colored or white.

Petiolate
Has a petiole or a leaf stalk.

Pinnate
A compound leaf in which the leaflets are arranged on opposite sides.

Pinnatifid
The leaf is lobed half of the distance or more to the midrib of the leaf, but does not reach the midrib.

Pod
Any dry fruit, such as a legume or follicle, that is dehiscent.

Prickle
An outgrowth of epidermis or bark that is usually sharp and pointed.

Pubescence
Bearing short, soft hairs.

Quadrangular
Shaped like a square with four angles.

Raceme
An elongated, unbranced inflorescence with pedicellate flowers that grow from the bottom up.

Reniform
Kidney shaped.

Rhizomes
An underground stem that is horizontal in appearance, also known as rootstock.

Rosette
Leaves or other organs that are clustered at the base of the plant.

Samara
A winged fruit, dry and indehiscent

Scaly
Having dry, thin, flaky skin.

Schizocarp
A fruit that will split into many one-seeded segments upon maturity. The fruit is dry and indehiscent.

Sepal
A segment of a calyx.

Sepals
Segments of a calyx.

Serrate
Having teeth like a saw; sharp teeth pointing forward along the margin.

Sessile
The leaf is attached directly without a supporting stalk or stem.

Silicles
A dry fruit of the Cruciferae, usually twice as long as it is wide; also has two valves that separate the placenta and septum.

Simple
Not divided, single, or unbranched.

Solitary
Single, not in a cluster or group.

Spatulate
Shaped like a spatula, the top of the blade rounded and gradually narrows as it nears the base.

Spikelet
An ultimate flower cluster of sedges and grasses, which is made up of 1-many flowers with two bracts or glumes, a small spike.

Spikelike
Like a spike.

Spines
A sharp pointed structure coming from below the epidermis that can represent a modified leaf or stipule.

Sporophyte
A dominant and conspicuous plant in vascular plants, the spore-producing part of the plant reproductive cycle.

Spreading
Growing horizontally on the ground.

Sterile
Not fertile, such as a stamen not bearing pollen or a flower not bearing seed.

Stone
A hard endocarp, woody in appearance that encloses the seed of a drupe.

Terminal
Found at the end or apex.

Ternate
Divided into threes, like a leaf which is divided into three leaflets.

Toothed
Dentate

Trifoliate
Having three leaves or or leaflets.

Tubular
Having the form of a tube or cylinder.

Umbel
Resembling the struts of an umbrella; a convex inflorescence where the pedicles arising from a common point.

Unisexual
A flower with either male or female reproductive parts, not both. Also used to describe a plant with either male or female flowers.

Whorl
A circular arrangement of common parts around a point or node, also known as a verticil.

Wings
A flat, thin margin that borders a structure.