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Document Type

Thesis - University Access Only

Award Date

2014

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department / School

Plant Science

First Advisor

William A. Berzonsky

Abstract

In any given year, South Dakota’s winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is valued at over $400 million, which ranks the state in the top ten in the nation for economic value. However, winter wheat production in South Dakota is often limited by excessively low precipitation in the western portion of the state, which is generally defined as the area west of the Missouri river. Producing winter wheat, which is tolerant to drought conditions promises to optimize its production in the drought-prone western area of South Dakota as well as enhance the incomes of producers that depend on winter wheat. Hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivar 'Endurance' is heterogeneous for a 1RS.1BL translocation, and this translocation has been implicated in increasing root biomass. To determine the influence of the translocation on winter wheat response to drought, lines with and without the translocation were selected from the original heterogeneous cultivar, and these lines were considered near-isogenic lines (NILs), which differed primarily due to the presence or absence of 1RS. Under conditions simulating drought in a greenhouse, these NILs were compared with NILs of spring wheat cultivar, Pavon, and Pavon1RS. Seminal root angle, xylem area, grain yield, root biomass, aerial biomass, plant height, spike number, spike length, harvest index percentage (HI), and water-use efficiency (WUE) were measured to quantify differences. There was a significant correlation between root and aerial biomass for all genotypes. The correlations between root and aerial biomass for Endurance1RS and Endurance were 0.55 and 0.69, respectively, and the correlations for Pavon1RS and Pavon were 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. Additionally, there was a significant 0.62 correlation between root biomass and grain yield for Pavon1RS and a significant 0.69 correlation between root biomass and grain yield for Pavon. Because of the relationship between root biomass, aerial biomass, and grain yield, these results emphasize the importance of characterizing the impact of 1RS on root systems. However, they also illustrate the relative differences that might be anticipated if 1RS is expressed in either a winter or a spring wheat cultivar.

Library of Congress Subject Headings

Wheat -- Drought tolerance
Winter wheat -- Drought tolerance
Translocation (Genetics)

Description

Includes bibliographical references (pages 36-37)

Format

application/pdf

Number of Pages

46

Publisher

South Dakota State University

Rights

In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/

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