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Document Type
Thesis - University Access Only
Award Date
2015
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department / School
Dairy Science
First Advisor
Jill L. Anderson
Abstract
Camelina meal and carinata meal are new byproducts of the biofuels industry, both contain large amounts of crude protein and some anti-nutritional factors such as glucosinolates. There is limited research on these meals as feedstuffs for ruminants. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of the meals as feedstuffs. The first study compared six feeds: camelina meal (CAM), carinata meal (CAR), canola meal (CAN), linseed meal (LIN), reduced-fat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), and soybean meal (SBM) for ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility. Results showed CAM and CAR were highly degradable in the rumen and comparable protein sources to SBM and LIN. The second study evaluated the effects of CAM compared to LIN and DDGS in heifer rations. Forty-two heifers (33 Holstein and 9 Brown Swiss) 144.8 ± 22 d of age were used in a 12-wk randomized complete block design study. Three treatment diets were fed with 10% of the diet dry matter (DM) consisting of the test feed: 1) camelina meal (CAM), 2) linseed meal (LIN) and 3) reduced fat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Dry matter intake (DMI) was similar between CAM and LIN fed heifers, but greater for DDGS. Body weight (BW) was least for CAM fed heifers and greatest for the LIN fed heifers. Average daily gain (ADG) was similar among treatments, however gain: feed was least in the CAM treatment. The rumen total VFA, acetate: propionate, and pH xv were similar among treatments. Blood metabolites (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides) were similar among treatments, however plasma urea nitrogen was greater in heifers fed LIN. Metabolic hormones (IGF-1, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4)) were similar among treatments, with the exception that T3 tended to be less for heifers fed CAM. Total tract digestion of nutrients was similar among treatments. Results demonstrate that camelina meal is a quality protein source for growing dairy heifers and will maintain growth performance when included at 10% of diet compared to reduced-fat DDGS and linseed meal. Further research is warranted to determine the effects of glucosinolates on heifer metabolism.
Library of Congress Subject Headings
Dairy cattle -- Feeding and feeds
Oilseed plants
Biomass energy industries -- By-products
Description
Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-111)
Format
application/pdf
Number of Pages
146
Publisher
South Dakota State University
Recommended Citation
Lawrence, Rhea Dawn, "Evaluation of the Potential for Use of Non-Food Oilseed Meals as Feedstuffs for Growing Dairy Heifers" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1817.
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1817
Rights Statement
