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Document Type
Thesis - University Access Only
Award Date
2015
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department / School
Civil and Environmental Engineering
First Advisor
Xiao Qin
Second Advisor
Gemechis Djira
Abstract
This thesis investigated two crash modelling techniques: following and modifying Highway Safety Manual (HSM) predictive methods, and developing user-defined predictive models. HSM predictive methods were applied on five rural intersection facility types on South Dakota state highways to calculate the predicted crash count of each intersection. The analysis on the prediction results revealed large deviations between intersections, and the large deviations were caused by the fact that HSM methods were not modified to fit the South Dakota data. Then modification was conducted on HSM predictive methods of two rural two-lane two-way intersection types using the South Dakota data. The modified methods outperformed the original methods by providing calibration factors closer to one. And the goodness-of-fit of two methods were compared and it shows that both methods present similar overall prediction performance. The second aspect of the thesis was focused on the development of the multivariate Poisson-lognormal (MVPLN) regression model. A total of 582 four-leg stop control intersections on South Dakota state highways were studied with crash records from 2008-2012. The crashes were divided into three crash types by relative travelling direction: same direction, intersection direction and single vehicle crashes. The MVPLN aimed to simultaneously model all three crash types to account for the correlation xiii between crash types within same intersections. The MVPLN model estimations were obtained using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation techniques. Significant positive correlations were found between crash types. This finding indicates the existence of unobserved common factors simultaneously affecting multiple crash types in the same manner. Compared to univariate models including the univariate Poisson (UVP) and the univariate negative binomial (UVNB) models, the MVPLN model provided very consistent significant variables and very similar estimations of shared significant variables. But the MVPLN model is superior to the other two models in prediction performance by presenting better goodness-of-fit.
Library of Congress Subject Headings
Traffic accidents--Mathematical models
Traffic accidents--Forecasting--Mathematical models
Roads--South Dakota--Interchanges and intersections
Description
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-91)
Format
application/pdf
Number of Pages
104
Publisher
South Dakota State University
Recommended Citation
Chen, Zhi, "Highway Safety Manual Modification on Intersection Crashes and Multivariate Model Development of Crash Types" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1855.
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1855
Rights Statement
