Document Type

Thesis - Open Access

Award Date

2015

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department / School

Animal Science

First Advisor

Elaine Grings

Keywords

Camelina meal, Carinata meal, Oilseed processing, in vitro disappearance, glucosinolates

Abstract

Studies were conducted to evaluate nutritional characteristics of three oilseed meals. Camelina and carinata meals were either cold-pressed or hexane-extracted and manufactured by 6 different processing conditions within extraction method. Flaxseed meals were either cold-pressed or solvent extracted and their processing condition unknown. Results are intended to provide helpful information for both processors producing meals and producers desiring to use these meals in livestock diets. The first set of studies was designed to determine a modification to the Tilley and Terry in vitro procedure that would generate adequate material for multiple analyses on residue of oilseed meals without compromising IVDMD. The modified procedure was then used to evaluate OM, CP and fat disappearance of camelina, carinata and flaxseed meals during a 48-h incubation. Cold-pressed and hexane extracted camelina and carinata meals from a single processing condition were selected together with the flaxseed meals for further in vitro analysis of DM and CP disappearance, glucosinolate concentrations and VFA production, and in situ degradation kinetics of DM and CP portions. During the 48 h incubation, differences in OM and crude fat disappearance due to oilseed (P < 0.01), extraction method (P < 0.01), and an oilseed by extraction method interaction (P < 0.01) were observed. No difference (P = 0.2) in the CP disappearance due to extraction method or oilseed by extraction method interaction was observed. During the 96 h incubation, hexane extracted meals (45.3%) had a greater (P= 0.03) portion of DM that was potentially degradable in the rumen than cold-pressed meals (39.3%). Results from both 48-h and 96 h incubations generally suggest that CP in carinata meals is more ruminally available than either camelina or flaxseed. With the exception of Gluconapin (GNA), we observed no significant effect (P > 0.05) of extraction method on glucosinolate concentration of carinata meals. Additionally, extraction method had no effect on glucosinolate concentrations in the supernatant of either cold-pressed or solvent extracted camelina meal. Flaxseed meals produced the greatest concentration of propionate (12.3 mM) with camelina meals producing the greatest amount of valerate (1.2 mM; P = 0.01) during the 96 h incubation period.

Library of Congress Subject Headings

Oilseeds -- Nutrition Camelina -- Nutrition Glucosinolates

Description

Includes bibliographical references

Format

application/pdf

Number of Pages

108

Publisher

South Dakota State University

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Rights Statement

In Copyright