Document Type

Dissertation - Open Access

Award Date

1971

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Department / School

Animal Science

First Advisor

C.W. Carlson

Abstract

The nature of the rachitogenic activity of isolated soy protein was investigated in fifteen studies. A RP-100-glucose purified diet was fed to day-old turkey poults housed in stainless steel batteries. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Corn, oat hulls, solvent-extracted soybean meal, full-fat extruded soybeans, C-1 protein, casein and texturized forms of soy protein were added to the basal diet at various levels. All feedstuffs were added at two particle sizes: natural form of the feedstuff (>250 u); and ground in a ball mill (<250 >u). The effects of autoclaving for 60 minutes at 120°C were also investigated. Calcium, phosphorus and Vitamin D3 levels were maintained at or above the National Research Council recommendations in all diets. Parameters used for evaluation of the rachitogenic activity were body weight, percent bone ask to indicate extent of calcification and percent mortality at the end of the four-week trials. The following conclusions were derived from these investigations: 1. Substitution of corn, oat hulls or solvent-extracted soybean meal at 5 percent of the basal diet improves the poults’ body weight and bone ash. Grinding these natural feedstuffs to less than 250 microns eliminates these beneficial effects. 2. The addition of 3 percent feed grade dicalcium phosphate to the isolated soy-glucose basal diets improves the poults’ body weight and percent bone ash regardless of the particle size of the product. 3. Grinding a practical turkey starter to less than 250 microns greatly depresses body weight and bone ash of the poults. 4. Autoclaving the isolated soy protein of the basal diet improves the poults’ body weight and bone ash. Grinding the autoclaved diet depresses the poults’ body weight and bone ash. These responses are different and separable since the order can be reversed. For example, grinding first or autoclaving first followed by the other produces similar results. 5. Soaking and drying either the protein portion or the sugar portion of the diet is not a means of increasing the effective particle size of the diet. 6. Texturized forms of isolated soy protein were not effective means of overcoming the rachitogenic of small particle size. 7. Levels of phytic acid comparable to that present in soy protein did not produce any inhibitory effects when added to casein-glucose diets.

Library of Congress Subject Headings

Soybean meal as feed

Format

application/pdf

Number of Pages

110

Publisher

South Dakota State University

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