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Gui-Hua Liu

Document Type

Thesis - University Access Only

Award Date

1990

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Department / School

Biology

First Advisor

C.H. Chen

Abstract

Techniques for propagation of Lilium plants in vitro have been developed. Explants for these cultures have included vegetative tissues such as bulbscales (Stimart and Ascher, 1978; Huang, 1983), leaves (Chen and Holden, 1975) and stems (Li and Zhang , 1983) and reproductive tissues such as ovaries (Gu and Cheng, 1983), anthers (Gu and Cheng, 1982) and pedicels (Liu and Burger, 1986). In comparison with other culture materials, leaf cultures have some advantages. First, l eaves from the greenhouse are cleaner and easier to be disinfected than bulbscales which are contaminated by soil microorganisms. Secondly, with leaf cultures abundant materials can be obtained from one plant without the risk of losing the bulb. Thirdly, cultures of reproductive tissues are more likely to mutate spontaneously than leaf culture (Liu and Burger, 1986). Though leaves have been used in culturing of several Lilium species (Cheri and Holden, 1975; Stenberg and Chen, 1977; Chen et al., 1983), no leaf cultures of hybrid lilies have ever been reported. In recent years, hybrid lilies have gained in popularity (USDA Agricultural Statistics Board, 1987), and their demand as flowering pot plants is increasing. Thus, the development of in vitro techniques for hybrid lily propagation is desired. Tetraploid lilies have larger flowers and shorter internodes than their diploid counterparts (Kafawin and Chen, 1985 ). As a result, tetraploid lilies are naturally shorter than diploid lilies, a desirable feature for lilies used as potted plants (Einert, 1972; Seeley, 1982). Tetraploid plants tend to bloom late (Eigsti and Dustin, 1954). Thus, the duration of lily flowering season can be extended by the use of tetraploids. Tetraploids are also useful as breeding materials to produce triploids (Sagawa, 1958). Polyploidy may occur spontaneously or can be induced. When mitosis or meiosis is abnormal due to heat, cold shock, or chemical agents etc., the formation of spindle fibers is blocked. For this reason, cell division fails to occur while the number of chromosomes has been doubled. Polyploids are thus produced. Tetraploids have been induced in Lilium species such as L. formosanum (Emsweller and Brierley, 1940) and L. longiflorum (Emsweller, 1949; Kafawin and Chen, 1985). One tetraploid hybrid lily has been reported (Zagorski and Ascher, 1981). The objectives of this study were: 1) to propagate hybrid lilies using leaf cultures and evaluate responses of different cultivars to various combinations of growth regulators and 2) to induce tetraploid hybrid lilies through in vitro colchicine treatment of cultured bulbscale discs and determine the optimum colchicine concentration for tetraploid induction.

Library of Congress Subject Headings

Lilies -- Propagation
Lilies -- Micropropagation
Lilies -- Genetics
Polyploidy

Format

application/pdf

Number of Pages

53

Publisher

South Dakota State University

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