United States Midwest Soil and Weather Conditions Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen

Authors

Jason D. Clark, South Dakota State UniversityFollow
Kristen S. Veum, USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Fabian G. Fernandez, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
James J. Camberato, Purdue University
Paul R. Carter, DuPont Pioneer
Richard B. Ferguson, University of Nebraska - Lincoln
David W. Franzen, North Dakota State University--Fargo
Daniel E. Kaiser, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
Newell R. Kitchen, USDA, Agricultural Research Service
Carrie A.M. Laboski, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Emerson D. Nafziger, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
John E. Sawyer, Iowa State University
John F. Shanahan, Soil Health Institute

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-2019

Abstract

Nitrogen provided to crops through mineralization is an important factor in N management guidelines. Understanding of the interactive effects of soil and weather conditions on N mineralization needs to be improved. Relationships between anaerobic potentially mineralizable N (PMN_an) and soil and weather conditions were evaluated under the contrasting climates of eight US Midwestern states. Soil was sampled (0–30 cm) for PMN_an analysis before pre-plant N application (PP_0N) and at the V5 development stage from the pre-plant 0 (V5_0N) and 180 kg N ha⁻¹ (V5_180N) rates and incubated for 7, 14, and 28 d. Even distribution of precipitation and warmer temperatures before soil sampling and greater soil organic matter (SOM) increased PMN_an. Soil properties, including total C, SOM, and total N, had the strongest relationships with PMN_an (R² ≤ 0.40), followed by temperature (R² ≤ 0.20) and precipitation (R² ≤ 0.18) variables. The strength of the relationships between soil properties and PMN_an from PP_0N, V5_0N, and V5_180N varied by ≤10%. Including soil and weather in the model greatly increased PMN_an predictability (R² ≤ 0.69), demonstrating the interactive effect of soil and weather on N mineralization at different times during the growing season regardless of N fertilization. Delayed soil sampling (V5_0N) and sampling after fertilization (V5_180N) reduced PMN_an predictability. However, longer PMN_an incubations improved PMN_an predictability from both V5 soil samplings closer to the PMN_an predictability from PP_0N, indicating the potential of PMN_an from longer incubations to provide improved estimates of N mineralization when N fertilizer is applied.

Publication Title

Soil Science Society of America Journal

Volume

83

Issue

4

First Page

1137

Last Page

1147

Format

application/pdf

DOI of Published Version

10.2136/sssaj2019.02.0047

Publisher

Soil Science of America

Rights

© 2019 Soil Science Society of America

Recommended Citation

Clark, Jason D.; Veum, Kristen S.; Fernandez, Fabian G.; Camberato, James J.; Carter, Paul R.; Ferguson, Richard B.; Franzen, David W.; Kaiser, Daniel E.; Kitchen, Newell R.; Laboski, Carrie A.M.; Nafziger, Emerson D.; Sawyer, John E.; and Shanahan, John F., "United States Midwest Soil and Weather Conditions Influence Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen" (2019). Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications. 302.
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/plant_faculty_pubs/302

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.

Comments

This article was published in Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 83:1137-1147. doi:10.2136/sssaj2019.02.0047