Document Type
Thesis - Open Access
Award Date
2024
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Department / School
Civil and Environmental Engineering
First Advisor
Guanghui Hua
Abstract
The presence of halogenated disinfection by products, also known as total organic halogen (TOX), found in treated water samples are toxic in nature and can negatively impact the public health. The TOX compounds may undergo reduction reactions in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) with iron materials that include zero valent iron, and iron corrosion products of goethite and magnetite in corroded sections of pipe. The objective of this research was to investigate the degradation kinetics of total organic chlorine (TOCl), total organic bromine (TOBr), and total organic iodine (TOI) in water with iron and corrosion products. Batch experiments were completed to determine the degradation of the TOX formed by fulvic acid and real water samples. The results show that the TOX degradation rates were impacted by the TOX compounds, iron materials, iron dosage, pH, and Fe(II) concentration. The TOX degradation followed the order of TOI > TOBr > TOCl(NH2Cl) > TOCl(Cl2). Iodinated and brominated disinfection byproducts were more susceptible to degradation due to the halogen size and bond dissociation energy. With each TOX compound, the reduction via dehalogenation was dependent on the iron and corrosion products and adhered to the following trend: goethite/Fe(II) > magnetite/Fe(II) > iron powder > goethite > magnetite. The TOX degradation potential increased as the iron material product dosage increased, and the varied pH values had little impact on the reduction. The addition of Fe(II) significantly improved the reduction rates because the addition of Fe(II) enhances the reactive sites of the corrosion products to reduce the TOX at a faster rate. Overall, the results can help understand the fate and degradation of total organic chlorine, bromine, and iodine in the drinking water distribution systems.
Publisher
South Dakota State University
Recommended Citation
Zook, Rachel, "Degradation of Total Organic Halogen in Drinking Water Distribution Systems with Iron and Iron Corrosion Products" (2024). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1363.
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd2/1363
Rights Statement
