Document Type
Dissertation - Open Access
Award Date
2022
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department / School
Sociology and Rural Studies
First Advisor
Patricia Ahmed
Second Advisor
Meredith Redlin
Keywords
Transgender person, khwaja sira, discipline, negotiation, resistance
Abstract
Transgender persons, known as khwaja sira in Pakistan, have historically been marginalized and excluded from various spatial domains, as they do not fit the societal norms of binary gender. They are subject to gender discipline by the Pakistani society to coerce them into conforming to the social norms. This research study uses in-depth interviews and applies grounded theory in conjunction with Michel Foucault’s concept of discipline to explore how khwaja sira are subject to societal discipline in Pakistan. The discipline ranges from tacit to overt forms, including verbal and sexual harassment. Khwaja sira are disciplined within their families, in formal institutions such as healthcare systems, schools etc., as well as in public spaces such as streets and bazaars. The study shows transgender persons’ negotiation of the gender discipline within these spaces, including resistance as their response to the societal discipline.
Library of Congress Subject Headings
Transgender people -- Pakistan.
Transgender people -- Pakistan -- Social conditions.
Number of Pages
191
Publisher
South Dakota State University
Recommended Citation
Illahe, Sana, "Gendered Negotiation of Space: A Study on Gender and Mobility Among Transgender Persons in Pakistan" (2022). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 450.
https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd2/450
Included in
Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, Gender and Sexuality Commons, Social Psychology and Interaction Commons, Sociology of Culture Commons, South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons
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